chapter22

__ Chapter 22 http://xcpapus.wikispaces.com/chapter22__ _ Chapter in a sentence (or a haiku)-

i scoff in your face progressivism-the change? put men in THEIR place -CLARE O'FLYNN

You Labor Reform Women in the seat leading increased membership (STEPHEN PEREZ) Progressive reform Altered American lives Time of sweeping change -Jessica Bolanos

_ SAMUEL MCCLURE (clare) -owner of McClure’s magazine (muckraker) -had an unpaid bill from the Lackawanna Railroad and discovered a trail of corruption linking politics and some of the city’s (St. Louis) respected business leaders linking them to the case. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I2MsBrPFR3s

IDA TARBELL(clare) Author of “History of the Standard Oil Company” which was printed in McClure’s magazine. LINCOLN STEFFENS (clare) -Editor of McClure’s Magazine and part of the whole unpaid bill scandal. Author of “The shame of Minneapolis” an article in McClure’s Magazine. muckraking- 640 “new”- 641 “mass”- 641 Henry Ford- 641-42 Model T- 642 1916 Federal Aid Roads Act- 642 oligopoly- 642 Standard Oil, Consolidated Tobacco, United Fruit, US Steel- 642 Elbert H. Gary- 643 JP Morgan & Company- 643 new types of management- 643-44 industrial research labs- 644 Irving Colburn- 644 Frederick Winslow Taylor- 644 Principles of Scientific Management- 644 Triangle Shirtwaist Company- 645 Rose Schneiderman- 645 State Factory Investigating Commission (NY)- 645 immigration (1900-1920)- 645, 649-50 rural free delivery- 645 parcel post (1913)- 646 growth in farm tenancy- 646 Rockefeller Sanitary Commission- 646 U.S. Public Health Service- 646 Newlands Act of 1902- 646 U.S. Reclamation Service-646

women in medical schools ca. 1920- 646 birth rate and divorce rate (1900-1920)- 647 children working (1900)- 647 Children’s Bureau, Grace Abbott- 648 Sheppard-Towner Maternity & Infancy Protection Act- 648 Mother’s Day- 648 Comstock Law- 650-51
 * 1) of women woirkers- 646

banned from US mails all information on birth control

Margaret Sanger- 650-51

launched campaign on birth control

Vicksburg (1904)- 648 black life ca. 1900- 648 Niagara Movement- 648 Souls of Black Folk- 648 race riots of early 1900s- 649 NAACP- 649 The Crisis- 649 National Urban League- 649 Guinn vs. U.S.- 649 Buchanan vs. Worley- 649 Bureau of Negro Economics- 649 padroni- 649 -Labor agents called padroni, among the Italians, Greeks, and Syrians, recruited immigrant workers, found them jobs, and deducted a fee from their wages. Leonidas G. Skliris- 649 -Leonidas G. Skliris called the “czar if the Greeks,” provided workers for the Utah Copper Company and the western Pacific Railroad. “birds of passage”- 652 -Many Italian men commuted, “birds of passage,” who returned home every slack season. Ford's "Americanization" program -Henry Ford and other employers tried to erase the “Americanization” programs; the Ford Motor Company ran a school where immigrant employers were first taught to say, “I am a good American.” International Harvester Corp.- 652  ·  taught polish laborers to speak english, but it had other lessons in veiw as well  ·  drilled into polish "pupils" WTUL response to English classes- 652  ·  the WTUL urged workers to ignore buisness-sponsored English lessons because they did not "tell the girl worker the things she really wants to know.  Mexican immigration- 653  ·   Mexicans for the first time immigrated in large numbers, especially after a revelution in Mexico in 1910 forced many to fleee across the northern border into Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California.  coyotes- 653  ·   labor agents, usually in the employ of large corporations or working for ranchers-recruited Mexican workers. barrios- 653  ·  imigrants formed enclaves in citites that became cultural is lands of family life, foods, church, and festivals.

Chinese immigration (1900-1920)- 653-jessicabolda Chinese immigration Most Chinese intended to return home Common labors Men outnumbered women by 10:1 in the Chinese American population Angel Island- 653-jessicabolda Jap Angel island 1920 us gov. set up a special immigration facility at angel island in san Francisco bay Way to limit chinses immigration. Immigrants were kept for weeks and months Examined and reexamined befor being allowed to cross to SF Remained open until 1940 anese immigration (1900-1920)- 653-54 -jessica bolda Jap Americans Also went to angel island Permant ¾ in California Discriminated against eugenics- 654 a "science" that suggested the need to control popluation growth of "inferior" peoples laws limiting immigration- 654-jessica bolda Laws 1902 congress enacted a law prohibiting immigration from china. Statuses required literacy tests designed to cultail immigration from southern and eastern Europe Taft and Wilson against Still passed Other measures tried to limit immigration from mexico and japan. strikes in early 1900s- 654 AFL- 654-55 Samuel Gomper- 654 Margaret DreierRobins- WTUL- 655 (Stephen Perez)
 * the number of Chinese Americans shrank from 1880 to 1920
 * organizer of proven skill for women
 * helped to found the WTUL in 1903
 * Goals:
 * to organize women into trade unions
 * to lobby for legislation protecting female workers
 * to educate the public on the problems and needs of working women
 * won crucial financial support from many women


 * McDowell
 * Mary
 * friend of Robins
 * big supporter of the WTUL
 * "Angel of the Stockyards"
 * worked with slaughterhouse workers in Chicago
 * Lathrop
 * Julia
 * friend of Robins
 * big supporter of the WTUL
 * tried to improve the lot of wage-earning children
 * Hamilton
 * Dr. Alice
 * friend of Robins
 * big supporter of the WTUL
 * pioneer in American research on the causes of industrial disease


 * supported by the WTUL
 * strike of shirtwaist workers in New York City
 * workers of the factory wanted to form a union
 * all were fired
 * 20,000 men and women walked out striking
 * won a shorter work week
 * did not get unlocked shop doors and safe fire escapes


 * agreement from the strike of the 40,000 garment workers
 * an arbitration committee composed of management and labor to handle grievances and settle disputes


 * Industrial Workers of the World
 * attracted the most attention of any union
 * welcomed everyone
 * disregarded
 * gender
 * race
 * tried to organize the unskilled and foreign workers
 * these workers usually worked in mass production


 * “It is our purpose to overthrow the capitalist system by forcible means if necessary.”
 * A founder of IWW
 * He encouraged workers to sabotage bosses if needed.


 * An IWW leader
 * A famous veteran of battles in the Illinois coalfields


 * Characteristics:
 * Charismatic
 * Full of energy and passion
 * Young
 * Radical
 * Joined the IWW as a teenager

· New income tax showed the first accurate tabulation of income · 5 percent of population (the owners of production) received almost one fourth of all income · Death rate dropped · Average life span increased · Due to medical conditions, living conditions, and working conditions · Remained high · Fewer babies on average survived to adolescence · Cities grew on a colossal scale · Railroads instead of highways tied things together o Rail network was the largest network in the world · Cities were divided into three districts o Residential area o Industrial area o Area open to residence and a limited list of industries · Skyscrapers o Cities grow upward now · More leisure time for play and enjoyment of the arts · Due to changing work rules and mechanization o Hours were reduced for manufacturing laborers o Made more money · Americans spent more time out and with family o Mass entertainment (sporting events, vaudeville, and movies) o Phonograph records brought the new types of music (ragtime, blues, and jazz) o Popular fictions was mass produced o Entertainment became BIG business as leisure time grew o http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=684n8FO68LU