chapter23

u Chapter 23 http://xcpapus.wikispaces.com/chapter23 _ Chapter in a sentence (or a haiku)- Teddy roosevelt progressivism-HOOO RAHH! power is for all -clare Progressivism Reform from Teddy...Wilson status-quo challenged (Stephen Perez)

Presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson all sought progressive reform. (Laura Granillo)

T.R takes office and his personality reflects the way he exercises his power. - Henry Go

Progressive Spirit From Roosevelt to Wilson World War I Onset -Jessica Bolanos

Teddy to Wilson The banning of alcohol Strength versus morals -Jonathan Lo _ characteristics of progressivism 1. industrialization 2. progress and human nature 3. right of intervention 4. use of state 5. importance of nurture (vs. nature) 6. mass support

AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, NTA, BAR ASSOCIATIONS(clare) -when improved had 8400 members and by 1920 nearly 2/3 of all doctors belonged. (AMA) -lawyers formed bar associations for regulations restricting entry into the profession. (ex: National Education Association) DR. ALICE HAMILTON(clare) -devoted her life to helping the less fortunate. Choosing medicine, she went toe the Universtiy of Michigan Medical School and then settled in Chicago where she met Jane Addams and took a room in a Hull House. She traced a locally typhoid eepidemic to flies carrying germs from open privies. She then pioneered research into the causes of lead poisoning and other industrial disease. She was aappointed to a commission on occupational diseases then headed a statewide survey of industrial poisons. Thanks to her, Illionois passes the first state law providing compensation for industrial disease caused by poisonous fumes and dust. JANE ADAMS QUOTE(clare) “Private beneficence is totally inadequate to deal with the vast numbers of the city’s disinherited.” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zo6d3xQ6780

Charity Organization Society of New York- 670 (Jessica Bolanos) · Held a tenement house exhibition that graphically presented the new kind of sociological data o Included more than a thousand photographs, detailed maps of slum districts, statistical tables and charts, and graphic cardboard depictions of tenement blocks o Never before had so much information been pulled together in one place! Lawrence Veiller- 670 (Jessica Bolanos) · A young social worker · Put together a tenement house exhibition that was a huge success · He correlated data on poverty and disease with housing conditions · He pointed out that new slums were springing up in more areas of the city · http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Veiller,+Lawrence+Turner New York State Tenement House Commission- 671 (Jessica Bolanos) · Was appointed by Governor Theodore Roosevelt to do something about the problem of new slums and poverty and disease o Was appointed due to public outcry · http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9800E1DA1339E733A25750C0A9629C946197D6CF publications on the poor- 671 (Jessica Bolanos) · Study after study analyzed the condition of the poor · Books and pamphlets contained pages of data on family budgets, women’s wages and working conditions, child labor, etc.  ·  Massive reports were being published on the poor National Conference of Charities and Corrections- 671(Laura Granillo) · Through it, social workers o Discovered each other’s efforts o Shared methodology o Tried to establish themselves as a separate field with in the social sciences

National Conference of Social Work- 671 (Laura Granillo) The Survey- 671 · National Conference’s professional magazine

Women’s Christian Temperance Union- 671 -Jonathan Lo
 * The head of the crusade to remove booze from American society
 * Founded in the 1870s
 * Had nearly 250 thousand members by 1911
 * Largest organization of women for that time period

Anti-Saloon League- 671 -Jonathan Lo
 * Joined the WCTU
 * Pressed to abolish alcohol and the places consumed
 * Succeeded in many areas

18th Amendment- 672 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution -Jonathan Lo
 * Passed during WWI
 * Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor
 * Began January 1920
 * Changed the atmosphere in America
 * People began to go against it and smuggle liquor however

Mann Act- 672 -Jonathan Lo
 * Passed in 1910
 * Prohibited interstate transportation of women for immoral purposes
 * Basically, it banned prostitution

women’s organizations, 1890-1910- 672 (Stephen Perez) · Feminists were active in the political sphere · Pursued higher wages · Better working conditions · Jobs of reform: o College graduates

National Assoc. of Colored Women- 672 (Stephen Perez) · Founded in 1895 · 15 years before the NAACP · Aimed at social welfare · Local level: o Established kindergartens, day nurseries, playgrounds, and retirement homes

General Federation of Women’s Clubs- 672 (Stephen Perez) · Had 20,000 members in 1900: o 1 million in 1912 · Sarah P. Decker: o Leader · Supported reforms to safeguard child and women workers · Improve schools · Ensure pure food · Beautify the community · Eventually gave support towards women suffrage

Sarah P. Decker (Stephen Perez) · New president of the General Federation of Women’s Clubs · Told the ladies of the club that they need to turn their attention to their own needs and take matters into their own hands · Because of Sarah Decker, the federation became highly involved in communities

National American Women Suffrage Association- 672 (Stephen Perez)
 * women need to influence elected officials (men)
 * growing numbers of women were involved in the suffrage movement
 * merge of the National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Women Suffrage Association in 1890
 * characterized by unity and a tightly controlled national organization

Link for all Stephen's Terms (relates to all): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qOcIYLaLJ2c

Carrie Chapman Catt- 672 (Ana Granados) []
 * superb organizer
 * president of National American Women Suffrage Association
 * by 1920, nearly 2 million members
 * believed in organizing and peaceful lobbying to win vote

Anna Howard Shaw- 672 (Ana Granados) []
 * (1904)head of National American Women Suffrage Association
 * believe in organizing and peaceful lobbying to win vote

Congressional Union- 672 woman’s suffrage arguments- 672-73 (Ana Granados) []
 * 1) suffragists claimed the vote as natural right, owed to women as much as men
 * 2) (more pragmatic) since women more sensitive to moral issues than men, they would use their votes to help better society
 * would support temperance, clean government, laws to protect workers, and other reforms
 * attracted progressives who believed women's vote would purify politics

19th amendment- 673 (Ana Granados) []
 * in effect in 1920
 * the right to vote shall not be denied "on account of sex"

Keating-Owen Act- 674, 691-jessbolda Keating-Owen act Wodrow Wilson backed law to limit child labor The keating owen act The supreme court over turned it Claiming it as an improper regulation of local labor conditions Hammer vs. Dagenhart- 674 Second Child Labor Act- 674-jessbolda 2nd In 1919 congress tried again in the second child labor act Again struck down Not until the 1930’s did congress succeed in passing a court-supported national child labor law Bailey vs. Drexel Furniture Co.- 674 William James- 674-jessbolda pragmatism- 674-jessicabolda Pragmatism From William James People were not only shaped by their environment they shaped it

Tough minded individuals who could live effectively in a world with no easy answers They accepted change Knew how to pick manageable problems gather facts, discard ideas that do not work Act on those that did Ideas that worked became truth John Dewey- 674 (taylor) Judge Ben Lindsay- 674 (taylor) Socialist Labor Party- 674 (taylor) Daniel De Leon- 674 (taylor) Eugene V. Debs- 674 (taylor) []
 * most influencial educator of the progressive era
 * applied pragmatism to educational reform
 * believed that thought evolves in relationto the enviroment and education is directly related to experience
 * founded a school of pedagogy at universtiy of Chicago
 * introduced an educational revolution that stressed childrens needs and capablities
 * opposed memorization, rote learning, and dogmatic authoritaritorian teaching methods
 * sentenced a boy to reform school for stealing coal
 * later found out that he stole it to warm his dying father
 * believed that children werent born with a genetic tendency to crime, and made bad or good decisions depending on thier enviroment
 * sentenced youth offenders to education and good care
 * worked for playgrounds, slum clearence, publich baths and technical schools
 * AKA kids judge he attracted many visitors from as far as Japan to study and copy his methods
 * urged workers to join a worldwide revolution to overthrow capatialism
 * treid in secrey to gain control of important labor unions (failed)
 * brililan factitian
 * took leadership of the socialist LAbor Party in 1890's but lacked support
 * of the american railway union
 * formed social democratic party
 * gentle and reflective not a radical.

Social Democratic Party- 674 Socialist Party of America- 674-75 voter turnout after 1900- 675 interest group- 676 -professional societies; trade associations, labor organization, farm lobbies, and scores, of other interests groups, worked outside the party system to pressure government for things their members wanted -they created specialized "academics" to train police and firefighters National Municipal League- 676 -it became trhe forum for debate over civic reform, changes in the tax laws and municipal ownership of public utilities commissions and city managers- 677 -cities were now using commisions or manager type of government hired engineers to oversee utility and water systems, physicians and nurses to improve municipal health, and city planners to oversee park and highway development.

public utilities- 677 -Cities turn to more public ownership of gas, electricity, water and transportation -Patrick Herling

state regulatory commissions- 678 -States created regulatory commissions to examine cooperate books and other money making businesses -Patrick Herling

initiative, referendum, recall- 678 Initiative- which allowed voters to propose new laws -referendum- which allowed them to accept or reject a law to the ballot box recall-which gave them a way to remove an elected official from office -Patrick Herling 17th amendment- 678 --Direct elections for senators -Patrick Herling

direct primaries- 678 -Given to the politicians that they must offer reforms and duties to get elected -Patrick Herling

Robert M. La Follette- 679 -The most famous reform governor -put together the wisconsin idea -Patrick Herling

Revenue Act of 1916 -boosted income taxes and furthered tax reform -Patrick Herling

Wisconsin Idea- 679 - all reforms -established industrial commission -improved educations, workers comp, public utility -lowered railroad rates and raised railroad taxes -direct primary for all political nominations -state income tax -Patrick Herling

Roosevelt’s personality- 679 “bully pulpit”- 679 TR’s views on race- 679-80 Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Corporations- 680 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvZP93XqyTw Northern Securities Company- 681 United Mine Workers- John Mitchell- 681 The commission awarded the coal miners a 10 percent wage increase and a cut in working hours election of 1904- 681 Roosevelt drubbed his democratic opponents, Alton B. Parker and Eugene V. Debs Elkins Act- 682 Hepburn Act- 682 The Jungle, Upton Sinclair- 682 Meat Inspection Act of 1906- 683 Pure Food and Drug Act- 683 Samuel Hopkins Adams- 683 Dr. Harvey W. Wiley- 683 Gifford Pinchot- 683 National Conservation Congress- 683 National Commission on Conservation of National Resources- 683 election of 1908- 684 Taft’s personality- 685 Joseph “Uncle Joe” Cannon- 685 Payne-Aldrich Act- 685 Nelson Aldrch- 685 Ballinger-Pinchot Affair- 686 Mann-Elkins Act- 686 election of 1910- 686-87 16th Amendment- 687 Bull Moose Party- 687-88 New Nationalism- 688 New Freedom- 688 Wilson’s rise- 689 Wilson’s personality- 689-90 Underwood Tarriff Act- 689 Federal Reserve Act- 689 Clayton Anti-Trust Act- 690 (Mai Le)
 * Open, aggressive, and high spirited
 * persuasive and charming
 * very opinionative
 * it is the president's job to affirmatively and persuasively advocate an agenda
 * reflected his domestic and foreign policy
 * put blacks into important federal positions
 * wanted racial progression
 * He was a closet racist
 * he ignored some acts of racism
 * created to control the trusts
 * given the power to investigate corp. engaged in interstate power
 * (1914) this act completed Wilson's initial legislative program
 * Outlawed interlocking directorates
 * prohibited unfair trade practices
 * forbade monopolizing policies
 * made corporate officers liable for antitrust violations
 * declared unions were not conspiracies against trade
 * court injunctions illegal

Pujo Committee- 690 Federal Trade Commission- 690 (Mai Le)
 * 5 members whose job was to oversee business methods
 * investigate and otherwise keep businesses in order

Wilson in 1915- 691 Louis Brandeis- 691 Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916- 691 (Mai Le)
 * Gave farmers the same kind of credit given to trade and industry

William B. Wilson, Labor Department- 691 (Mai Le)
 * a leader of the United Mine Workers
 * 1st head of Labor Department (1913)

Ludlow, CO strike- 691 State militia and mine guards fired machine guns into a tent colony of coal strikers, killing 21 men Adamson Act- 691 Imposed the eight hour day one interstate railways and established a federal commission to study the railroad problem Federal Workmen’s Compensation Act- 691 Tarriff Commission Act- 694 Revenue Act of 1916- 694 expansion of presidency- 695